Saturated sandy stratum often makes tunnel excavation exceedingly difficult owing to its high water content. The artificial ground-freezing (AGF) method is an effective way to reduce the construction risks in such stratum; however. the AGF mechanism in the saturated sandy stratum of a collapsible loess area still lacks sufficient research. Based on field tests and numerical simulations. https://chefesquipmenters.shop/product-category/face-masks/